Reducers should be installed as close as possible to the nozzle to avoid turbulence inside the line. 1 1/8″ Henry high side check valve piston. overload on pump nozzle due to thermal expansion of piping the below items These are located between pump isolation valves and pump nozzle. Apply filters Brand. be placed horizontally as shown in “Arrangement B1”. This is in order to ensure sufficient available Net Positive Suction Head (NPSHa) to meet the NPSH required (NPSHr) by the pump. For dual services the arrangement can be modified as shown in “Arrangement C1&D1”. Thank you for this article! Basic sizing of a suction line •Suction lines should be sized for a maximum of 2 to 3°F (1.1 to 1.7°C) pressure loss. Here we will present some of the pump suction and discharge piping routing, which is followed by most Engineering Companies and then we will list out some useful points need to be considered while designing it. nozzles. Slope towards suction resource to be considered if suction Up-to 1*1/2″ Lift Type Check Valve is used and it can be used in a horizontal and vertical line as well. (f) If support Step 4 : Review the maintenance / operation space around and lifting facility. (d) For the flat, conical and Basket types a For more information on valve access distance The pressure gauge should be located on the discharge line before the check and isolation valve to keep eye on discharge pressure. 7. It shall be oriented Here, we will learn the design consideration and different layout patterns for pump piping. Are you sure about the supply? such that, it will not interfere with pump maintenance and operation. “Arrangement A1” above is considered for medium sized pumps having suction line size around and below 10 inch. Measure the discharge pressure using a pressure/vacuum module. Flat strainers have very less opening area and small amount of debris will restrict the flow even more so flat strainers are specified for very short suction lines where very less debris is expected. elbow on vertical can be omitted and the whole valves can be arranged in ground Pump piping should be designed with adequate space to facilitate the removal of the pump for maintenance purposes. This will create an effect similar to cavitation and with the same results. Because your hand is in the 90’s, the suction line should always feel cool. Eccentric reducers flat side up or flat side top are used in the horizontal suction line. Similarly, should AC suction line be cold? The discharge gas line runs from the discharge side of the compressor to the inlet of the condenser. (c) For top suction, pump elbow shall not be Step 5 : Locate the control station, Electrical push button station, Electrical-trench, process fluid drain, flushing / cooling connection as required for the pump model. The pump location may vary for many reasons. After the pump has run for several High head and/or low suction can cause a higher discharge line temp. To allow pumps to be removed easily if required, flanged If water, for example, is subjected to a sufficient drop in pressure at room temperature, it will boil.Across any pumping system there is a complex pressure profile. need to be removed for maintenance. Discharge Line and Suction Line Assembly B9319-101 Henry Side Check Valve Piston. The suction line is the part of the piping system of a ac/ref unit. (d) To avoid Most design engineering companies have standardised the pump routing. For dual services the suction lines 2-1/2” and larger. Here the discharge line is rolled as suitable so that the supporting will come out of foundation area. shown in P&ID. Required fields are marked *. Slope towards pump to be considered when pump is taking connected after the common check valve. “Arrangement B1” above is an alternate arrangement used instead of “Arrangement A1” (a) For larger line sizes with higher pressure ratings when the block valve hand wheel becomes too high to operate. Conical strainers are longer than the basket types so sometimes it is difficult to insert it in fitting to fitting arrangements. when one pump is standby connecting branch to it will be cold while the branch The discharge line should be supported as close as possible to the elbow, the closeness can be defined as within 5D. (b) The suction line usually is supported Strainers are located between isolation valves and the reducer or pump nozzle. pumps. Then, determine the lines’ sizes if the condensation temperature becomes 50 °C. It should come out of the evaporator around 40 degrees F (50-55 degrees at the compressor). (a). this subject for ages and yours is the best I’ve came upon till now. The reducer length may also be included in the straight length. make the long radius elbows better for the system. •Fall: Suction lines should continously fall in the direction of flow – 10mm/m minimum •Gas Velocity needs to … If the suction line having an elbow, it can be supported with a dummy leg or trunnion. If a valve is used in the suction, use only full flow valves. different services. If the flow turns back and there is no check valve is installed, then the water hammer can occur. At what elevation pump suction line should be place from ground level? Strainers are suction from vacuum tower. While making directional changes or Thank you, I have recently been searching for information about (d) If gate valve has to be installed on the suction line of a pump which takes suction from below, the valve stem shall be horizontal so that there should not be any scope for air pocket (see fig-O1). 9. type so that pump centring can be convenient. adequately to ensure compliance with allowable loads and forces on pump referred. In similar Drains are provided for hydrocarbon or Let’s see below some point for pump location: A piping layout engineer must be aware of some basic knowledge of stress and pipe supports to develop a sound pump piping arrangement, so that it will not be required to redesign by a stress engineer after finding out the piping design is not stress friendly. Due to the suction line being larger than the pump suction nozzles, reducers are required to maintain the differences in the line. Below is an supporting pipe. Vibration Isolation and Piping Support Piping must be properly supported to minimize line vibration. BART Main Lines. drains are not required in water or non-hazardous services. They are of hydrogen copper brazed steel construction for maximum strength and complete cleanliness with copper nipples for ease of installation. (a) Valve hand wheels whenever possible, to removable spool pieces are used on both suction and discharge lines. In both suction and discharge line valves are placed right after removable spools with temporary strainer in between flanges in suction line. (c) Strainers are available in the following styles: Flat, Basket, Conical and tee type. I.E. in below “Arrangement L1”. be contained within the perimeter of the pump foundation. fashion “Arrangement C1 & D1” are used when the pump is used for two The Spare pump should be considered while designing the pump piping as a backup pump is required to deliver continuous production in case of the main pump maintenance period. are used as per stress review. The suction line should be as short & straight as possible. Expansion joints can be used on either the suction or discharge line side or both as per requirement. lift check valve will work in horizontal position only. connected directly to the pump suction flange. The suction and discharge line piping should be supported independently of the pump foundation. If the horizontal suction line carrying slurry inside then it is required to provide an eccentric reducer flat side down or flat side bottom type for smooth flow of slurry. (See fig-N1). The liquid line should not be hot or warm for that matter. Comment document.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "a80b867af3f0a5dc1bf435c0c02ffb37" );document.getElementById("c9a1a00572").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The most commonly used piping fittings and components in the discharge line are as follows: In most of the cases, a concentric reducer is used in the discharge line and it is kept near to the discharge nozzle as much as possible. The mating flange of the suction line with the pump suction nozzle should be of the same rating and material as the pump suction nozzle. This gap is not fixed it can vary from company to company. Suction From Figure 2, 191.84 kW capacity in 54 mm OD suction line results in a 0.04 K m-1. The suction pipe of a centrifugal pump is not necessarily a larger bore (diameter) than the discharge pipe. lines it should be eccentric with flat side on top which will prevent vapour Eccentric reducer (FSU) prevents vapor from being trapped and encouraging the phenomenon of cavitation which can further damage the pipe and pump impeller. There will be temperature difference Vibration is transmitted to the piping Straight piece of minimum 5 diameters suction, discharge, and liquid line capacities in tons for refrigerant 134a (single- or high-stage applications) line size suction lines ( t = 2°f) discharge lines ( t= 1°f, p= 2.2 psi/100 ft) line size liquid lines saturated suction temperature, °f see notes a and b type l copper, od 2.2 psi 0 10 20 30 40 To compensate for this there are instantaneous pressure drops and increases. •The actual pressure drop in kPa will depend on the refrigerant. Henry Check Valve Piston. The centerline elevation of the pump can be decided based upon the space required for the strainer maintenance, as per engineering practices the minimum gap between the suction line and grade level is taken 300 mm. hazardous chemical services to drain small quantities of trapped liquid. Sometimes water hammer occurs with an intense force and can easily damage piping components and the pump. If the reducer is installed in the vertical line then it should be a concentric reducer unless there is a special requirement. removal spool piece should be provided which can be unbolted when strainers Copely has a dedicated production line for reinforced suction and discharge hoses, a product with a characteristic spiral design, which is both a practical and distinctive design feature of the product. Concentric reducer if needed is placed in the first removable spool. Its a common practise to have a suction and discharge header near pump and branches to and from pump is connected to this header, the above arrangement depict that. “Arrangement J1” On the other hand, a 5/8″ suction line on a 3.5 ton is “off the chart” meaning it isn't acceptable under any conditions. See below copy paste info Recommended gas line velocities: Suction line: 4.5 to 20 m/s; Discharge line: 10 to 18 m/s; Recommended liquid line velocities: “The important thing to note here is Check valves are installed on pump discharge lines to prevent liquid flow reversal with the succession of pumping. When the system is operating, the large insulated suction line should be cold to the touch and sweating at any point where there is no insulation. This valve line can be used for throttling. Look up “Super heat Adjustment”. Final reduction in line sizes to be as close as possible to pump suction nozzle so that pump suction will not be starved. reduction in suction pipe, route it so that there is no high points/low points The liquid line connects the outlet of the condenser to a TX valve at the evaporator. The valves in discharge line if required can If required up to 6″ swing check valve can be installed in a vertical line but above 6″ check valve should be installed in a horizontal line only. 118VS Vibration Eliminator 1 1/8 x 13″. As per engineering practices, the minimum gap between the steel structure and discharge piping should be 0.75 meters. The oil flows on the bottom of the pipe and is moved along by the refrigerant gas flowing above it. While operating, the suction line is filled with superheated refrigerant vapor and oil. Just to confuse things further it's also possible to have the discharge line larger than the suction. The water (14) or solution (16) can be pumped from the outlet (32) through the conical frustum (24) and the suction line (26), by the pump (28), and discharged through the discharge line (30) to the inlet (34) and returned to the vessel (18) through a flow nozzle (22). 4. In this manner, which is low side AC line suction or discharge? Refine your results. In the process felt to share my knowledge with the other Piping Engineers and as a result, I am here with you. The discharge pressure at this operating conditions hovers around 400 Psig. It is required during the hydro testing and maintenance of the line to drain out the fluid completely from the suction line. But, what concerning the conclusion? can be operable from grade or platform. The routing for vertical pumps is shown inline without the need to unbolting the whole line and it does not affect the (b) Pump valves are operating valves. These valves should be for shut-off only when the pump is not running, not for throttling or controlling flow. being trapped and encouraging cavitations. The pump piping should have removable spool pieces with breakup flange if they obstruct the lifting operations. From pump nozzle to first elbow a minimum 3 to 5 diameter straight length to be there including length of reducer where possible. This is really very informative for us.Well, I have visited another site Comfortgroup.co.nz having some wonderful and similar information. Check valves are generally installed in the discharge line after the reducer and pressure gauge assembly to prevent backflow. except lift check valve which shall be in horizontal position only. from low point drain to GL maintain 200mm min. Your email address will not be published. Look for the suction line to be at roughly 45F to 55F, and the liquid line. Poorly designed pump suction piping can result in the entrapment of air or vapor into the pump piping and cause cavitation, which displaces liquid within the pump casing, which results in vibrations, and damages to the pump impeller. When the suction piping is in a horizontal plane, we should provide a minimum of “three to five times the diameter of the suction nozzle” straight pipe length between the pump suction nozzle and the first elbow or a flange, valve, tee, or strainer. Install a discharge check valve beyond the bypass connection to protect pump from discharge system pressure during pump idle periods and pump startup. Discharge Line and Suction Line Assembly B8248-1. Discharge Line and Suction Line Assembly B8248-1. Usually, the size of the isolation valve is the same as the suction line. Important Points to be Considered While Designing Pump Piping, Fittings and Components Used in the Pump Suction Line, Fittings and Components Used in the Pump Discharge Line, Types of Pumps: Centrifugal Pump & Positive Displacement Pump, Reinforcement Pad Calculation for Branch Connection, Miter Elbow or Miter Bend Design Calculations, Pipe Wall Thickness Calculation For External Pressure or Vacuum, Some Important Piping Codes and Standards, Miter Bend Calculations For Fabrication Purpose, Tank Farm Design Considerations and Layout. “Arrangement F1 & G1” are slight variation of the previous arrangement which is used for hot lines that require more flexibility. The suction pipe velocity should be within 2 m/s, as higher velocities will cause friction loss. between flanges in suction line. Standard pump piping routing / Arrangements-. Discharge line can be supported from A liquid’s boiling point corresponds to the temperature at which its vapour pressure is the same as the pressure of its environment. You can use reducing elbow instead of a fitting (a) Temporary suction strainers is provided in Eccentric reducer As per OISD-118, the minimum gap between the two pumps should be 1 meter. However, expansion joints are the last option and should be used only when it is unavoidable. Hence, the piping design engineer must consider the important points while designing the pump piping layout. (f) Support In both suction and discharge line between both the branches. However, expansion joints are the last option and should be used only when it is unavoidable. If the line size is bigger the pump alignment. The isolation valve is installed by keeping in mind the operability due to its frequent usability. Hi and welcome to makepipingeasy.com My name is Rehan Ahmad Khan, I'm a graduate in mechanical engineering and happened to be a piping professional. Any liquid in the suction line could damage the compressor. The main goal in setting the location of the pump is to minimize the length of the suction piping while fulfilling the piping flexibility requirements and allowable loads that will be subjected to the pump nozzles. H1” can be followed for larger lines where the valve elevation requires a Low point drains are provided in the suction line (mostly between strainer and reducer). The suction and discharge line piping should be supported independently of the pump foundation. “Arrangement The fluid in suction and discharge lines of controlled volume pumps is constantly undergoing acceleration and deceleration because of the sinusoidal flow pattern. The suction hose is the large line. 6. If an elbow is needed at the suction line of a double suction pump, it should be preferred to be in a vertical position. 3. Dena (3) Henry Technologies (1) Diameter. If the line is having high pressure and temperature then adjustable support can be used to provide flexibility. Another source of air in the suction line is the return line in the tank if the pump is re-circulating the fluid through a system. The suction strainer is placed between the isolation valve and flange. Some simple rules, if followed, it will enable the designer to deliver stress friendly pump piping: Types of Pumps: Centrifugal Pump & Positive Displacement PumpReinforcement Pad Calculation for Branch ConnectionMiter Elbow or Miter Bend Design CalculationsPipe Wall Thickness Calculation For External Pressure or VacuumSome Important Piping Codes and StandardsMiter Bend Calculations For Fabrication Purpose, Piping Hand Book by Mohinder L. Nayyar, P.E.Piping and Pipe Line Engineering By George A. AntakiProcess Piping Layout and Piping Design By Roger Hunt, Your email address will not be published. (Multiple cylinders reduces the inertia in these accelerations and deceleration's). So it is required to provide space for mobile equipment to deliver damage-free maintenance. pump nozzle. (e) For hot services The most commonly used piping fittings and components in the suction line are as follows: The isolation valve (mostly gate valve) must be provided on the suction line upstream side of the strainer to allow its removal during maintenance or to isolate the complete suction line. These mufflers smooth out suction pulsations resulting in reduced system noise when installed at the compressor on the suction side. If it is important for some reason to use a horizontal elbow then it should be a long radius elbow. suction piping is in horizontal plane provide a minimum of 3 to 5 diameter of that, straight length requirements are preliminary and for precaution, the same This has to be considered while routing and They make use of it with little modification as required to suit the changes in site condition, P&ID etc.