The recently concluded War of 1812 forced Americans to confront the issue of protecting their struggling industries. The federal funding for the American System took place from about 1816 to 1828. He pushed through the Tariff of 1816, which placed a 20-percent tax on all foreign goods—the first tariff that Congress passed in order to protect merchants rather than just to raise revenue. Tariffs in colonial period were for revenue purposes, and were mildly protectionist. Building the National Road 3. He served in the Kentucky state legislature and was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives five times, each time serving as Speaker of the House. Finally, Clay’s American System called for construction of new roads and canals in the West. Tariff of 1816: Protecting American Manufacturing. Sectionalism/Tariff of 1816 The Tariff of 1816 Cloth made in United States Cost = $6.00 Protective Tariff =$1.25 British cloth in United States Cost= $5.00 +$1.25 Tariff Final Cost= $6.25 Cloth made in Britain Cost=$5.00 Effects of a Protective Tariff, 1810-1840 Exports Imports C. Protective tariff 1. Monroe to Election of Andrew Jackson. This was created as a solution to the nullification crisis and drafted by John C. Calhoun and Henry Clay. He and John C. Calhoun worked together to pass the Tariff of 1816 to help both North and South recover after the War of 1812. After end of War of 1812, Americans experienced a new surge of Nationalism, a sense of economic well-being created by abnormal economic prosperity, and a period in which the prestige of the national government was enhanced. In 1816, Congress adopted new National Bank despite protest from Old Republicans ... New England shippers and southern famers opposed tariffs. Tariff of 1833- Also known as the "Compromise Tariff", it gradually reduced the tariff rates from 35% to 20% (the original rate of 1816) in the next 10 years. The British had stashed large quantities of manufactured goods in warehouses during the war, but when peace was achieved in 1815, a flood of these goods was dumped on the American market. Tariffs fueled sectionalism, which was followed by secession and the American Civil War. Between the years 1800 and 1860, arguments between the North and South grew more intense, which was known as Sectionalism . A tariff is a tax or duty to be paid on a particular class of imports or exports. An “Era of Good Feelings“ 1789-1816: Under the Constitution Congress has the sole power to levy tariffs. Call for constitutional amendment 2. Calhoun’s bill and its fate E. Clay’s American System (Internal improvements) 2. Raising the international tariff was planned to protect the factories in this country making the goods from other countries more expensive, thus lessening the demand for foreign goods. Proposal for Tariff of 1816 D. Internal improvements 1. As a result the U. S. urrency began to see a deflation, and by 1819 it cause another great panic known as the Panic of 1819. Changing sectional attitudes 2. Madison proposed Tariff of 1816 Tax on imports (more people would buy American goods) $ would help pay for internal improvements (like the Erie Canal) North approves make US goods & tariff eliminates competition w/ Brit-- South & West oppose -- would pay more for goods they bought 1816: Second Bank of the United States Early tariffs were designed chiefly for revenue with moderate protectionism. 2. opposed the Tariff of 1816 3. obtained Florida from the Spanish 4. proposed construction of the Erie Canal 5. strengthened the influence of the Supreme Court 6. supported the Tariff of 1816 7. the Secretary of State who supported the Monroe Doctrine Clay became known as the Great Compromiser. The National Bank was to be blamed for the action causing farther sectionalism for the country. Resurgence of factionalism and sectionalism erupted as postwar prosperity collapsed in the panic of 1819 They were based on the earlier philosophy of mercantilism. 1816-1828: The rise of protectionism. Nationalism and Sectionalism.
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